paragraph+linking

Paragraph linking is a special writing skill to lead your readers to your destination in a certain essay, making your writing more smooth and coherent. This means making connections between different paragraphs in an essay in order to make your writing seemed logical.
 * What is paragraph linking? **

**Why do we need paragraph linking? ** Mainly there are two effects that the linking can bring us. First, linking can lead our readers forward and make them clear about what the author are talking about and where he/she is going. When we write something, we usually have a topic in mind. We may want to express our ideas to our readers and try to convince them or to describe something objectively and express our feelings to them. No matter what our purpose is, we are going somewhere and we know clearly where we are going. But we should be keenly aware of the fact that our readers do not know. While they are reading an essay, they are in a relatively passive position. So linking will give clues to them and put them in a more active position. Second, linking is important to give the readers the feeling to be talked to, not to be regarded as robots. It will be easier for the readers to understand agree with the author when they are communicated. Therefore, linking can make our writing more convincing and persuasive.

**Ways to link paragraphs ** Basically, there are three ways to link different paragraphs together, using linking words and phrases, repetition of key words, groups of words, or even whole sentence structures (called parallelism)  [1] and signposting.

First , linking words and phrases are useful especially when you want to establish logical links between paraphrases. For example, in the following paragraphs: //But to suppose that such changes never “amount to anything” is to underestimate the power of names. …… // The linking word “but” clearly show us that this paragraph is a transition from the previous one. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">There are a number of <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0070c0; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">linking words and phrases listed here <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">in the following table for your reference.
 * < //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">To start a new point // ||< //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">At first, in the beginning, to begin with, first of all, for one thing, on one hand, etc. // ||
 * < //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">A transition in the meaning // ||< //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">But, however, despite, although, instead, nevertheless, regardless of, on the contrary, while, otherwise, yet, etc. // ||
 * < //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Cause and effect // ||< //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">As a result, accordingly, therefore, so that, consequently, hence, since, so long as, etc // ||
 * < //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Explanation // ||< //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">As a matter of fact, frankly speaking, in this case, etc. // ||
 * < //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Progressive relation // ||< //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Additionally, besides, moreover, furthermore, last but not least, etc. // ||
 * < //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">comparison // ||< //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">In comparison with, in contrast, instead, not only…but also…, different from, etc. // ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">There are many linking words and phrases which can be used in our writing. But we have to avoid using them too much so as to make our writing more specific and clear. Therefore, <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0070c0; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> repetition <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> is more effective here. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: auto;">// Another basic quality of good writing is simplicity. …… // <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">From the first sentence of this paragraph, we can clearly know that what the author was talking was the qualities of good writing. By the repetition of the core words of the essay “basic quality of good writing”, we are guided by the author towards the destination of the essay, that is, the conclusion.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0070c0; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Signposts <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> are found in good academic essays and they will also help the reader to understand the writing more easily. They help to link what has already been said with what is about to be discussed. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;">[2] __ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Here are some expressions of signposting.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">This programs ...
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Despite these difficulties ...
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">These suggestions ...
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">However, in the modern world ...
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">In the next section, ...
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">This suggestion ...
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">These ideas ...
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">This brief outline suggests ...
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Such proposals...

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; text-decoration: none;">Exercise ** __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;">[3] __

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Look at the passages (Beauty, A basic truth, Marangu) and find the sentences that provide links with any subsequent paragraphs. When you've done that, look at the notes below. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Look at the passages above (Beauty, A basic truth, Marangu) and find the sentences that provide links with any subsequent paragraphs. When you've done that, look at the notes below. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Notes: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">In these paragraphs, the last line of each paragraph leads into the following paragraph. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">//<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">However, for me, beauty does not reside in music alone. //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">(And my next paragraph will develop this idea and explain what else exemplifies beauty for me.) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">//<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">However, despite the prevalence of these attitudes, change is on the way. //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">(And in my next paragraph I will outline about these changes.) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">//<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">It brings back some striking memories. //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">(And in my next paragraph, I will describe some of about these memories.)
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">References **

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;">[1] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;">//paragraph linking-cohesion and coherence// <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;">[2] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;">[3]  <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;">//making links between paragraphs in academic writing -waylink English// <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: auto;">** External links ** <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 14px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">[] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">[]