Anastrophe

  **What is Anastrophe? **  Definition: A rhetorical device which demonstrates the inversion of the natural order of words to create a literary effect ; as, echoed the hills, for, the hills echoed.（1）  []   Anastrophe is a type of hyperbaton in which the adjective appears after the noun when we expect to find the adjective before the noun. It is a figure of speech which is commonly used in Greek and Latin and English poetry, for example T. S. Eliot writes of time present and time past.（2）ht [|tp://www.tititudorancea.com/z/anastrophe.htm]    **Background ** According to THE //Oxford English Dictionary //, anastrophe came into use in the English language in the mid 16th century. It is derived from the Greek ("turning back"). It means the inversion or unusual order of words and clauses. George Lucas' //<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Yoda // speaks in anastrophe: "Ready are you? My own counsel will I keep on who is to be trained!" Old English sounds riddled with anastrophe to speakers of Modern English...."him God sent to folk for solace"... (Lines 13-14 Beowulf, translated by John Porter).(3) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #800080; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; position: relative; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;"> [] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> **<span style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Examples: ** -- <span style="color: blue; font-family: 宋体;">（ 4)http://humanities.byu.edu/rhetoric/Figures/A/anastrophe.htm  <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Anastrophe occurs whenever normal syntactical arrangement is violated for emphasis: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: red; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">1. __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;">The verb before the subject-noun (normal syntax follows the order subject-noun, verb): __ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Glistens the dew upon the morning grass. (Normally: The dew glistens upon the morning grass) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: red; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">2. __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;">Adjective following the noun it modifies (normal syntax is adjective, noun): __ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">She looked at the sky dark and menacing. (Normally: She looked at the dark and menacing sky) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: red; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">3. __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;">The object preceding its verb (normal syntax is verb followed by its object): __ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Troubles, everybody's got. (Normally: Everybody's got troubles) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: red; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">4.__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;">Preposition following the object of the preposition __
 * Anastrophe in English poetry **__ (5) ____ http://www.tititudorancea.com/z/anastrophe.htm __

Anastrophe is also used in English poetry. For instance, in the third verse of

Coleridge's //The Rime of the Ancient Mariner//:

He holds him with his skinny hand, 'There was a ship,' quoth he. 'Hold off! unhand me, grey-beard loon! 'Eftsoons his hand dropt he.

Although word order of "his hand dropt he" is not the normal word order in English, we may find this kind of diverse

world order in archaic English. Therefore, here Coleridge tries to imitate the style through using anastrophe.

However, excessive use of the device where the emphasis is unnecessary or even unintended, especially for the

sake of rhyme or meter, is usually considered flaw. Besides, heavy use of anastrophe will render poetry susceptible

to parody and Gerard Manley Hopkins is particularly identified with the device. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> **<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">Resources list: ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> （1）<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #800080; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: auto;"> [] （2） __ Ht [|tp://www.tititudorancea.com/z/anastrophe.htm] __

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">（3） [] （4) []

(5)http://www.tititudorancea.com/z/anastrophe.htm

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"> **<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">More to read: ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">(1) [] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 宋体,MS Song; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: auto;">(2) http://rhetoric.byu.edu/Figures/Groupings/of%20Order.htm (3) []
 * More information about hyperbaton which is the synonym of anastrophe. **
 * More information about English figure of speech. **
 * the whole poem of //The Rime of the Ancient//**

(4 ) [] (5) []
 * Appreciation about Gerard Manley Hopkins' another poem named inversnaid. **
 * The ebook named Gerard Manley Hopkins and the Victorian Visual World By Catherine Phillips. **